At Kamol Cosmetic Hospital, we provide comprehensive FTM gender affirming surgery to help you live authentically with confidence. Our expert surgeons specialize in: Top Surgery for chest masculinization, Body Masculinization for a stronger, defined physique, Hysterectomy & Oophorectomy, Phalloplasty & Metoidioplasty for gender-affirming creation. With advanced techniques, skilled surgeons, and compassionate care, we ensure safe, natural, and life-changing results, helping you embrace your true identity with pride.
Female to Male Mastectomy (Top Surgery) in Bangkok, Thailand
A mastectomy is where a surgeon removes tissue from one or both breasts. The purpose of a mastectomy is usually to remove or prevent the spread or development of breast cancer. Some people with breast cancer genes elect to have a preventive mastectomy to avoid the risk of cancer.
Sometimes, people choose to have a mastectomy for other reasons. Transgender men transitioning from female to male very often remove the breasts through a mastectomy as part of their transition to create a more male appearance.
The plastic surgeon performing top surgery, or female-to-male mastectomy, should achieve more than just a flat chest. Ideally, the result should be fully sensate and have minimal scarring. The procedure consists of removing most of the breast tissue and excess skin. The sparing of the nipple and areola is sufficient if the nipple-areolar complex is appropriately sized and shaped. Still, the reduction and repositioning of the nipple-areolar complex are often required to approximate male nipples.
Top Surgery / Mastectomy Techniques
Kamol Cosmetic Hospital offers three techniques, but the choice of procedures must be appropriately selected for the patient’s breast size and skin quality as follows;
1. A periareolar (or U-shape scar) technique, the incision is periareolar or U-shape scar. This technique is available for a small breast with good skin elasticity; it may remove breast mass with a minimal incision scar.
2. A concentric incision or O-shape scar technique is available for moderately sized breasts (B cup) with good skin elasticity. Breast mass is removed through a concentric incision, which gathers skin and leaves a scar entirely around the areola (or O-shape scar).
3. Double incision top surgery with nipple graft technique or Mastectomy by free nipple graft; this procedure is available for large or pendulous breasts to require a full mastectomy, which includes removal of the nipple, with free grafting of the nipple to the appropriate new location. This technique will impact nipple sensation significantly but may be the only option for large or inelastic breasts.
Inelastic skin (often due to years of breast binding) can adversely affect the outcome and will influence (and limit) the surgeon’s choice of technique.
A Good Candidate for Mastectomy (Top surgery)
- Trans men
- Healthy
- Realistic expectation
- Age is over 18 years old.
Preparation for Mastectomy (Top surgery)
- Consult with the surgeon to choose the most suitable option, ensure you are the right candidate, and discuss how to achieve the goal.
- Undergo physical examination to ensure no health condition may affect the surgery
- Stop smoking at least two weeks before surgery
- Stop some medicines that interfere with blood clotting, such as aspirin, Ibuprofen, and vitamins and herbs, at least two weeks before surgery.
Top surgery procedure
- Step 1: The procedure performed under anesthesia
- Step 2: Open the required incision at the marked site and remove the breast mass to flatten.
- Step 3: Resect the excess skin and adjust the size and position of the nipple-areolar like the original male chest.
- Step 4: Skin suture
Post-operative care for top surgery
- Postoperative care in the hospital for 2-5 nights, depending on the techniques
- Keep clean and dry every day
- Take medicine for pain, infection
- Follow up seven days, fourteen days after surgery, and every appointment.
- Take stitches off seven days after surgery
- Use compression garment to prevent swelling and adjust the chest shape 3-6 months
Risk and complications for FTM Mastectomy
After surgery, risk and complexity are possible as follows;
- Bleeding is a risk of any operation, but the need for transfusion is rare. However, specialized surgeons are well concerned and will always keep control to stop bleeding during surgery.
- Infections are infrequent complications.
- Nipple necrosis. The blood supply of the nipple might be damaged with more limited operation and nipple necrosis. If the nipples are used as grafts, the nipple graft does not take well. These complications are exceedingly rare.
- Loss of nipple sensation, numbness
- Loss of nipple and areolar
- Poor healing
- Swelling after surgery
- Painful will occur but can take a painkiller
- The scars of the areola usually heal very well. As mentioned above, the scars below the breast will take longer to fade out and will widen. However, a raised or extensive scar is possible and might need further treatment. There may be residual tissue left, which appears as a contour deformity. This scar needs to be removed at a second stage.
- Risk from anesthesia
Recovery from Top surgery
Recovery time depends on the person and the surgical technique. You can return to work after surgery for 2 weeks. After surgery, you will feel uncomfortable for a few days. The swelling will be better within 2-3 weeks. It will heal completely in 4-6 months. Be concerned with physical activity such as sports, lifting, and running.
What is Phalloplasty?
Phalloplasty is a surgical procedure that creates a penis for individuals transitioning from female to male (trans men). It is a significant gender-affirming surgery that helps individuals achieve a body that aligns with their gender identity. After surgery, many trans men can:
- Stand to urinate.
- Achieve erections with the help of implants.
- No longer have a vagina or menstruate (if a hysterectomy is performed).
Before undergoing phalloplasty, most candidates have taken testosterone for at least one year.
There are two main methods for creating a penis:
- Metoidioplasty: Enlarging the clitoris, which grows due to testosterone therapy, to create a smaller penis.
- Skin Flap Phalloplasty: Using skin and tissue from areas like the forearm, thigh, or groin to construct a larger penis.
The surgery often involves removing the vagina (vaginectomy), and some patients may also have a hysterectomy during the same procedure.
What to Expect During and After Surgery
Phalloplasty uses skin flaps (donor tissue) to create a penis and urethra. These flaps are taken from specific parts of the body, such as the forearm, thigh, or back.
Risks include:
- Infection, bleeding, or scarring.
- Complications with skin flaps, like poor healing or unsatisfactory appearance.
- Nerve or blood vessel damage, potentially reducing sensitivity or blood flow.
After surgery, patients must closely follow their surgeon’s instructions to minimize risks and promote healing. This includes taking prescribed medications, keeping incisions clean, and avoiding strenuous activities. Physical therapy may also help with functionality.
Who is Eligible for Phalloplasty?
Candidates typically meet these criteria:
- Age: At least 20 years old (parental or guardian consent required for those under 20; surgery is not recommended for anyone under 18).
- Hormone Therapy: At least one year of testosterone treatment.
- Living as a Man: For at least one year.
- Mental Health Clearance: A psychiatric evaluation confirming mental stability.
- Physical Health: Non-obese and physically fit.
- Previous Surgeries: Completed mastectomy and hysterectomy/oophorectomy at least six months before phalloplasty.
Current Phalloplasty Techniques Available at Kamol Cosmetic Hospital
Kamol Cosmetic Hospital offers the options for phalloplasty as follows:
1.Anterolateral Thigh Flap (ALT-Phalloplasty):
- Uses thigh skin to create the penis.
- Options include:
- Full phalloplasty with urethral lengthening.
- Phalloplasty following metoidioplasty.
- Phalloplasty without urethral lengthening (simpler surgery; patient continues to urinate sitting down).
Advantage:
- Larger girth and length (13-14 cm).
- Some natural rigidity.
- Concealable donor site.
Disadvantage:
- May not suit patients with thicker thigh skin.
- Girth may be excessive for some.
2.SCIP Flap Phalloplasty:
- Uses a groin skin flap to create the penis.
Advantage:
- Subtle donor site scarring.
- Relatively hairless donor area.
Disadvantage:
- Small size penis (length 10-12 cm).
- Fair sensation.
3.Radial Forearm Free Flap (RFFF):
- Uses forearm skin to create the penis.
- Two approaches:
- Two-stage technique: Prefabricates the urethra six months before the main surgery. It is suitable for those who have a mid-forearm circumference less than 20 cm.
- One-stage technique: Constructs the penis and urethra in one surgery. It is suitable for those who have a mid-forearm circumference more than 20 cm.
Advantage:
- Thin skin for better aesthetics.
- Medium-sized penis (11-13 cm).
- Good sensation.
Disadvantage:
- Visible donor site scars.
- Potential hand sensitivity issue.
4.Musculocutaneous Latissimus Dorsi (MLD) Flap:
Uses skin and muscle from the back to create the penis.
Advantage:
- In torso scarring.
- Hairless donor site.
- Good appearance.
Disadvantage:
- Less sensitivity.
- Requires a second surgery for urethral construction.
- Risks of microsurgery technique.
Preparing for Phalloplasty
- Consultation: Discuss goals, health conditions, and surgical options with your surgeon.
- Lifestyle Changes: Stop smoking and alcohol use at least two weeks before surgery.
- Medication Adjustment: Avoid medications that affect blood clotting, such as aspirin.
Donor Skin Preparation:
- Hair removal is essential to prevent hair growth on the penis.
- Patients with thick skin or excess thigh fat may need weight loss, exercise before surgery.
- In some cases, a pre-expanded skin technique is used, requiring 1–2 months of preparation.
Neo-urethra Reconstruction
The risks and complications associated with neo-urethra reconstruction, such as urethral stricture and fistula, are generally high. However, shorter urethras tend to have fewer complications. For individuals concerned about urethral complications, the following options are available:
- Phalloplasty without urethral reconstruction (sitting urination): No risk of urethral complications.
- Partial urethral reconstruction (standing urination from the base of the penis): Lower risk of complications.
- Full urethral reconstruction (urination from the tip of the penis): Higher risk of complications.
Risks and Complications
Phalloplasty carries potential risks, including:
- Infection or bleeding.
- Scarring and poor wound healing.
- Nerve or blood vessel damage.
- Skin flap complications, like inadequate healing.
- Dissatisfaction with results, possibly requiring revision surgery.
FTM Hysterectomy / Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy (BSO) in Bangkok, Thailand
WPATH considers hysterectomy with and without salpingectomy/oophorectomy to be a necessary component of gender-affirming surgical therapy for transmen who choose to seek this procedure. Hysterectomy has been successfully combined with other gender-affirming surgeries performed in the same operating suite, including vaginectomy, mastectomy, and genital reconstruction, such as metoidioplasty or phalloplasty. Kamol Cosmetic Hospital provides FTM hysterectomy 4 techniques as follows below;
1. Laparoscopic technique
Instead of making a large incision, the new technique makes only a few tiny incisions through which thin instruments pass through the abdomen. This new technique significantly reduces scaring, pain, healing time, blood loss, and the duration of hospital stay compared to the open procedure.
2. Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy (BSO) or Open Technique
A transverse incision is an abdominal wall, usually above the pubic bone, as close to the upper hairline of the individual’s lower pelvis as possible, similar to the incision made for a cesarean section approximately 4-5cm long. This technique allows the surgeon the most exceptional access to the reproductive structures and performs the removal of the entire reproductive complex. Abdominal hysterectomy is the most common method. The recovery time for an open hysterectomy is 4–6 weeks.
3. Subsequently, the Vaginal or V technique:
Vaginal hysterectomy is performed entirely through the vaginal canal and has clear advantages over abdominal surgery, such as fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and quicker healing time. If this technique is complicated, surgical exploration will be required.
4. Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy (BSO) & Oophorectomy or NOTE technique
A new technique removes the uterus and ovaries. They were developed from total laparoscopic hysterectomy and transvaginal hysterectomy procedures, which provide more safety. The surgeon inserts a vaginal speculum into the vagina and inserts the shield into the vagina to protect the cervix. Then the surgical instrument is inserted into the vagina. After dissection, both uterus and ovaries are removed from the vagina opening.
Advantage of Hysterectomy NOTE technique
- No scar
- Less postoperative pain
- Shorter hospital stay and quick recovery of bowel function
- Shorter recovery and faster return to daily activities
- Less complication from bleeding during surgery or less chance of injury in the abdomen
Preparation for Hysterectomy Surgery
- Gather information. Learn as much as you can about having a hysterectomy. Make sure you understand how the procedure will go and what is involved in the recovery process.
- Lose weight if you’re overweight. Being overweight can increase the risks associated with surgery and anesthesia, and severe obesity can increase surgery time and blood loss. If you’re overweight, talk to your doctor about the best way to go about losing weight before your surgery.
- Stop smoking. Stopping or cutting down on smoking as much as possible can help with general anesthesia and recovery from surgery; smokers may have problems breathing during surgery, and they tend to heal more slowly afterward.
- Discuss your medication with your doctor. Talk to your doctor about whether you need to change your usual medication routine before having a hysterectomy. It would be best to inform your doctor about any over-the-counter medications, such as aspirin or dietary supplements. Some supplements can help prepare you for a hysterectomy. For example, taking a daily multivitamin can help improve general health, and vitamin C can help promote healing. Talk to your doctor about recommended supplements you might take before your hysterectomy surgery.
- Make sure other medical conditions are well-controlled. If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, or other medical conditions, check with your doctor to make sure they’re under control before you have a hysterectomy. When other pre-existing conditions are managed,
- Eat light. Limiting heavy foods and avoiding big meals can help you feel better before and after the procedure. “Eating healthy is always important, but even more so when you plan to have surgery.
Post-operative Care for Hysterectomy
- After having a hysterectomy, you will feel tired and in some pain. This is normal after this type of surgery. You will get a painkiller
- You may have a drainage tube in your abdomen (if you have had an abdominal hysterectomy) to take away any blood from beneath your wound – these tubes usually stay in place for 1 to 2 days
- You may have a gauze pack inserted into your vagina (if you have had a vaginal hysterectomy) to minimize the risk of bleeding – this usually stays in place for 24 hours
- you’ll be encouraged to take a short walk the day after your operation. This helps your blood to flow normally, reducing the risk of complications developing, such as blood clots in your leg
- After removing the catheter, you should be able to pass urine normally.
- Any stitches that need to be removed will be taken out 5 to 7 days after the operation.
Recovery for Hysterectomy Surgery
Risks and Complications for Hysterectomy Surgery
Facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS) in Bangkok, Thailand
Male and female facial features are fundamentally different. As the differences can be subtle, our expert, specialized surgeons operate to achieve the best results. Typically, female-to-male facial confirmation surgery is performed by plastic surgeons who have a deeper understanding of both male and female facial structures. In some cases, the FMS procedures may require a maxillofacial surgeon to correct the jaws to achieve the most successful result.
- Forehead lengthening
- Cheekbones contouring
- Rhinoplasty
- Chin contouring
- Jaw reshaping or jaw augmentation
1. Masculine Forehead
Male skulls usually have brow bossing in the frontal sinuses, making the frontal skull larger. The procedures for a masculine forehead are forehead augmentation surgery and forehead lengthening surgery to enlarge the forehead to a more masculine proportion, while forehead lengthening increases the distance between the brows and the hairline.
2. Masculine Cheekbones
Male cheeks are often more angled and flatter than females. The surgical procedures for cheekbone masculinization include cheekbone shaving, augmentation, and reduction. It depends on the existing features, which may give you a more angular and masculine appearance.
3. Masculine Nose
The male nose tends to be longer and broader than the female nose. The surgical procedure for masculinizing the nose is nose augmentation or augmentation rhinoplasty. It increases the projection and width of the nose to make it appear more masculine.
4. Masculine Chin
Male chin tends to be bigger, longer, square, and flatter. The surgical procedures for masculinizing the chin are recommended to reshape the chin using an osteotomy.
5. Masculine Jaws
Male jaws have a broader mandible and a more prominent angle. Masculinity surgery involves jaw augmentation and jaw contouring, which define facial prominence and masculinization. The proportion of face width is increased. Sometimes, it is combined with chin augmentation by osteotomy to achieve aesthetic harmony of facial features.
6. Adam’s Apple Surgery (Thyroid Cartilage Enhancement)
Adam’s apple is one of the most distinctive features of males and females. It is located in the middle of the throat. The surgical procedure recommended is Adam’s apple enhancement with an implant that can be performed under local anesthesia or general anesthesia. Make more masculine features.
Preparation for facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS)
- Consult with a plastic surgeon who is highly skilled and experienced in face surgery. You will discuss your surgical goals, medical condition, and treatments
- Physical examination, blood test, chest X-ray, electrolytes, HIV
- A CTA scan will be required.
- Stop smoking and drinking alcohol for at least one week.
- Stop some medicines, vitamins, or herbs that interfere with blood clotting, such as aspirin.
The process of Facial Masculinization Surgery
The process of Facial Masculinization Surgery
After consultation, some patients will need a CT scan and return to meet the surgeon again to confirm the procedures, and then pre-admission testing will be performed a few days before the FMS procedure.
The operation will be performed under general anesthesia; the operation time depends on the amount of procedures. The recovery time will take around 6-12 weeks.
Post-operative Care for Facial Masculinization Surgery
Postoperative care varies for each procedure, but the basics are as follows.
- Have a liquid or soft food.
- Always keep your mouth clean with mouthwash.
- Avoid aggressive activities for a month after surgery
- Avoid smoking
- Don’t over-exercise within one month.
- Take a painkiller to reduce pain.
- Patients can resume normal activities two weeks after surgery. Wounds should ultimately be healthy within 4-8 weeks.
- Keep any follow-up appointments with your surgeon to check the healing process and ask any questions that may concern you
Risks and Complications for Facial Masculinization Surgery
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Edema
- Hematoma
- Bruising
- Nerve damage
- Asymmetry
- Implant failure
- Pain after surgery
- Poor healing
- Necrosis
- Scarring
Facial Masculinization Surgery Results
Facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS) is an essential part of gender confirmation surgery that improves the quality of life of male to female transgender.
Why Facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS) is a necessary procedure for transmen?
Facial masculinization surgery (FMS) is a necessary procedure for most transmen individuals because it helps them feel more comfortable and confident in their gender identity. For many trans individuals, facial features that are traditionally associated with femininity can be a source of dysphoria, which is a feeling of discomfort or distress due to a discrepancy between one’s gender identity and one’s physical body. FMS can help alleviate this dysphoria by allowing transmen individuals to more closely align their physical appearance with their gender identity.
Another reason why FMS is a necessary procedure for many females to male transgender is that it can help them be more easily recognized and accepted as male in society. Many people rely on facial cues to determine someone’s gender, and having more traditionally masculine facial features can make it easier for others to recognize a transman individual as male. This can help transmen individuals avoid discrimination, misunderstanding, and other challenges that they may face when their gender identity is not readily apparent.
FMS can also have practical benefits for transmen individuals. For example, it can help them avoid confusion and misunderstandings when filling out forms or interacting with authorities, such as when applying for a passport or driver’s license. It can also make it easier for transmen individuals to get hired for jobs or access certain facilities, such as men’s restrooms.
It is important to note that FMS is just one aspect of the transition process for many transmen individuals, and it is not something that everyone chooses to undergo. Some transmen individuals may feel comfortable with their facial features as they are, or they may prefer to focus on other aspects of their transition. However, for those who do choose to undergo FMS, it can be a transformative and life-changing experience that helps them feel more at home in their own body and the world.
Why does Kamol Hospital offer the best outcome for Facial Masculinization Surgery / FMS?
The face is the first thing that people see, and for transgender individuals, having a male face can help them feel confident and protected from discrimination and bullying. Facial Masculinization surgery (FMS) is an important step in the process of treating gender dysphoria. It helps individuals feel comfortable and safe.
FMS is a range of procedures that alter the facial structure to appear more masculine, including eyebrow bone implant, masculine hairline change to make it higher and square, cheek augmentation to create a wide masculine face, rhinoplasty, chin and jaw implants, Adam apple implant, etc. We offer various techniques for each procedure to suit each person’s unique anatomy and biological structure.
Facial surgery is the most artful of surgeries, and we believe everyone is unique. Everyone needs different procedures. Kamol Hospital’s surgeons will analyze the overall face and facial parts such as the forehead, eyebrows, eyes, cheekbones, nose, chin, jaw, etc. They are highly mindful of aesthetics and will make artistic illustrations and plan the surgery by considering proportion, angle, and masculinity in each facial part to achieve an attractive and harmonious appearance. Most of our clients are satisfied with the result. The result of FMS at Kamol Hospital is accepted as an attractive and harmonious masculine face.
Kamol Hospital is proud to have one of the world’s most talented and experienced teams, led by Dr. Kamol Pansritum, who has performed FFS and FMS on over 10,000 cases. Our team includes highly skilled professional plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, dentists, and other specialists who work as both surgeons and artistic designers to create and reshape perfectly masculine faces.
Kamol Cosmetic Hospital has become a top destination for gender confirmation surgery, with consistently good results and satisfied clients. We have our own large, modern hospital and are accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI), a prestigious global healthcare organization. Every service at our hospital is designed with the utmost attention to detail to ensure every patient’s total safety, security, and privacy.
Metoidioplasty Surgery: Ring Flap Method Bangkok Thailand
Metoidioplasty is a surgical procedure designed to create a penis for female-to-male transgender individuals. The procedure utilizes the skin and tissue surrounding the clitoris. After 1-2 years of hormone therapy, the clitoris becomes enlarged. During the procedure, the clitoris is carefully released from its surrounding tissue and then wrapped in skin, creating a phallus.
Tissue from the vagina is used to extend the urethra to the tip of the newly constructed penis, allowing for urination while standing.
To create a more masculine appearance, fat is removed from the pubic area to create a flat pubic region. Fat is also removed from the labia, which are then sculpted to resemble a scrotum. Artificial testicles can be inserted to complete the aesthetic. While the resulting penis is smaller than a typical adult male penis, resembling that of a 10-year-old child, it offers a significant step in gender affirmation and may provide sexual sensation.
Types of female-to-male metoidioplasty at Kamol Cosmetic Hospital:
- Simple Release: This procedure focuses on surgically releasing the clitoris from the surrounding tissue. This enhances the visibility and shape of the clitoris, making it appear more penis-like. It does not involve creating a urethra or closing the vagina. Urination remains unchanged. This procedure is less invasive and takes approximately 2 hours.
- Full Metoidioplasty: This is a more comprehensive surgical procedure that lengthens the clitoris by releasing it from surrounding tissue, making it more prominent. The procedure also extends the urethra to the tip of the clitoris using tissue from the vagina. This allows the individual to stand and urinate like a male. Additionally, the vagina can be closed, and artificial testicles can be inserted during the same procedure. This surgery takes approximately 6 hours.
Benefits of Metoidioplasty:
- Lower risk.
- More affordable.
- The surgery efficiently combines multiple procedures in one operation, including closing the vagina, creating a urethra, constructing a phallus, and inserting an artificial testicle. This comprehensive approach takes approximately 5-6 hours.
- Natural erectile function.
- The phallus retains the erotic sensitivity of the clitoris.
- The procedure results in minimal scarring.
- Recovery is typically rapid. Patients generally stay in the hospital for 4 nights and can return to their daily routine within 3 weeks, including using the men’s restroom and urinating while standing.
Disadvantages of Metoidioplasty:
- The resulting penis size is limited, ranging from 3 to 8 centimeters, and is not large enough for penetrative intercourse.
- Prior to surgery, male hormone therapy is required for at least 1-2 years to enlarge the clitoris to a suitable size for the procedure. This can be a lengthy process.
Preparation before Metoidioplasty surgery
- Consult with a skilled plastic surgeon before the surgery to discuss the procedure, preparations, medications, and necessary tests such as physical examinations, blood tests, and chest X-rays.
- Obtain evaluations from at least two psychiatrists to ensure you are confident in your decision to transition to your chosen gender.
- Maintain good health and be prepared for surgery and anesthesia.
- Undergo male hormone therapy for at least 1 year to allow the clitoris to mature sufficiently for surgery.
- Stop taking hormones at least 2 weeks before surgery.
- Be over 20 years old to provide legal consent for the surgery.
- Maintain a healthy weight with a BMI under 24 to reduce surgical risks.
- Stop smoking at least 2 weeks before surgery.
- Avoid medications that affect blood clotting, such as aspirin or vitamin E.
- Plan for time off work, prepare mentally for the surgery, and arrange for post-operative wound care.
Post-operative care for Metoidioplasty surgery
- After the surgery, you will be kept in the recovery room for 3-4 hours to recover from the anesthesia. You will then be transferred to the hospital room.
- The catheter should be kept in place for at least 3-weeks to allow the urethra to heal properly.
- Properly care for the urinary catheter to prevent complications.
- Empty the urine bag frequently.
- Avoid putting pressure on the newly constructed penis to ensure adequate blood supply.
- After surgery, keep the penis raised and upright to minimize swelling.
- Attend follow-up appointments with the doctor for wound cleaning and care for 2-3 weeks after surgery.
- Stitches will be removed 7 days after surgery.
- Expect temporary symptoms such as itching, swelling, blood in the urine bag, constipation, and nausea for the first 1-2 weeks after surgery.
Possible risks and complications after Metoidioplasty surgery
- Risks of urethral surgery include fistulas, which may require further surgical repair.
- Urethral stricture may occur, requiring regular dilation of the vagina.
- Other potential complications include wound rupture, bleeding, delayed healing, infection, pain, swelling, bruising, scarring, and potential rejection of artificial testicles.
Recovery after Metoidioplasty surgery
- The recovery period depends on the type of surgery. Full recovery from female-to-male metoidioplasty takes at least 3 weeks. You can return to work but avoid lifting heavy objects. Normal exercise can be resumed after 2 months.
Why Kamol Cosmetic Hospital is famous for metoidioplasty
- Kamol Hospital has a team of highly skilled and experienced surgeons specializing in metoidioplasty. This complex procedure requires expertise to achieve optimal results.
- The hospital is equipped with modern facilities and equipment, ensuring a safe and effective surgical environment.
- Kamol Cosmetic Hospital is renowned for its exceptional patient care, with friendly and attentive staff.
- Located in Bangkok, Thailand, a popular medical tourism destination, Kamol Hospital offers affordable metoidoplasty procedures compared to other countries.
- The hospital caters to international patients, with staff proficient in English and other languages.
- Kamol Cosmetic Hospital has a proven track record of successful metoidoplasty procedures, with high patient satisfaction and minimal complications.
Kamol Hospital is a leading choice for gender reassignment surgery due to its high-quality surgical standards, world-renowned surgeons, affordable prices, comprehensive services, and excellent post-operative care, including accommodation options in hotels and service apartments.
Female to Male Voice Surgery or Voice Masculinization Surgery / VMS in Bangkok, Thailand
This type of surgery is performed if the patient is not satisfied with his voice despite the use of male hormone therapy. Unlike the female voice, a lower fundamental frequency of the voice is associated with men.
Before the surgery, an accurate Video Laryngostroboscopy and spectrum-acoustic study of the voice will be performed to highlight the natural and fundamental frequency and to plan the best operation to achieve the patient’s goals.
A masculine voice is low-frequency, around 100-125 Hz, which is lower than the average frequency for men’s voices.
The surgical technique involves a 2-3 cm incision in the neck area. The external laryngeal structure is identified, and the diameters are reduced. The vocal folds are shortened to make the voice deeper and lower pitch.
This technique is very safe and doesn’t interfere with your vocal fold.
After the operation, you can feel mild dysphagia, phlegm in your throat, and lumpness.
You should be admitted to the hospital for 1-2 nights for this procedure.
Post-operative Care for Voice Masculinization Surgery
– Day 1 to 7: You must remain silent until the first follow-up. There are no food and drink restrictions.
– Day 3 to 7: Keep the vocal cords lubricated by drinking lots of water and nebulize with a sterilized saline solution.
– Day 8 to 10: A new videolarygostroboscopic and spectrum-acoustic study is performed after the vocal rest period. The outer stitches are removed, the dressing is changed, and the speech therapy rehabilitation can start.
The speech therapist will teach the patient how to use her new voice as effectively as possible. The final result will be seen between the third and eighth month after surgery. For this reason, a follow-up is recommended at the third, sixth, and twelfth months after surgery.
Note: The surgical team reserves the right to assess the feasibility case by case if the upcoming patient has already undergone the voice change surgery using a different technique and is not satisfied with the result of their voice.
To prevent acid reflux, it’s highly recommended to avoid caffeine, chocolate, peppermint, fatty foods, acidic foods, soda, and alcoholic drinks.
One week off from work is sufficient as long as you can follow the voice restrictions. Two weeks off are required if your voice is needed.
Risks and Complications for Voice Masculinization Surgery
- Scar at neck
- Infection around the area of injury
- Hematoma and edema
- Necrosis and bruising
- Pain after surgery
- Voice hoarseness
- Sounds not change < depend on patient factors>
Voice Masculinization Speech Therapy
Voice masculinization speech therapy is a treatment to refine your voice, making it sound more masculine. The treatment must be done before and after the voice masculinization surgery to provide effortless speech control. Before voice masculinization surgery, your voice must be assessed and tuned to give you a proper speech. After voice masculinization surgery, you must learn to masculinize your voice and speak effortlessly. A specialized, skilled speech therapist provides this program, and it includes multiple sessions of practice until you complete all aspects of voice feminization therapy under the guidance of our speech therapist. Practicing without the specialist’s advice may result in edema of your vocal cords and can cause a failure in our training program.
Tricks to get a clear voice
Here are a few tips to help improve the clarity of your voice:
- Hydrate: Drinking plenty of water can help keep your vocal cords lubricated, making life-changing it more accessible to speak clearly.
- Warm-up: Just like athletes warm up before a big event, it’s a good idea to warm up your voice before speaking for a long time. This can include exercises such as humming, lip trills, and tongue twisters.
- Use good posture: Maintaining good posture can help you breathe more efficiently and improve the clarity of your voice. Stand up straight, keep your shoulders back, and keep your head held high.
- Use good breathing technique: Diaphragmatic breathing can help to support your voice and improve its clarity. This involves breathing deeply into your diaphragm instead of shallowly into your chest.
- Speak at a moderate pace: Speaking too quickly can make it difficult for others to understand you, while speaking too slowly can make you sound monotonous. Try to find a pace that feels natural and comfortable for you.
- Use appropriate volume: Speak loud enough to be heard but not so loud that your voice strains.
- Avoid speaking when you are congested or have a sore throat: If your vocal cords are inflamed, it can be challenging to speak clearly.
- Avoid smoking, excessive alcohol, and caffeine. All of these can dry out your vocal cords and make speaking more difficult.
- Practise good vocal hygiene, including singing like a warm-up, avoiding overusing your voice, and taking breaks to rest it.
Remember, speaking is a skill that can be developed and improved over time with practice and attention to technique.